The path to converting AsciiMath in AsciiDoc is as follows:
1. Install the asciimath gem (gem install asciimath)
2. Convert the file to DocBook (asciidoctor document.adoc)
3. Convert the DocBook file to PDF using a DocBook toolchain
- One option is fopub, but you could also use any other DocBook toolchain
If you're using Apache FO, you do have to make sure it's configured to load JEuclid (jeuclid-fop), which is what provides the mathml rendering support. This appears as a jar on the classpath.
Unfortunately, AsciiMath isn't all that widely supported, so we're at the mercy of a toolchain that understands how to process mathml. The asciimath gem gets you to mathml. You have to take it the rest of the way, though fopub does attempt to help pave that path.
Cheers,
-Dan